Estrogen Deficiency (Cause of Menopause)

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Estrogen Deficiency
(Cause of Menopause)

What is estrogen

Estrogen is commonly defined as "any family of steroid hormones that regulate and sustain female sexual development and reproductive function". Estrogens are steroid hormones, made primarily in the female ovaries and the male testes in humans and animals. Known as the female hormones, estrogens are found in greater amounts in females than males.

Why is estrogen important

These essential molecules influence growth, development and behavior (puberty) regulate reproductive cycles (menstruation, pregnancy) and affect many other body parts (bones, skin, arteries, brain etc.)

Modern scientists also define estrogens as materials that stimulate tissue growth by:

Promoting cell proliferation DNA synthesis and cell division in female sex organs breasts, uterus)
Promoting hypertrophy or increasing a cell size, such as which occurs in female breast and male muscle during puberty and initiating synthesis of specific proteins.

The principal functions of estrogen are to control and regulate the following: uterus and external sexual organs, fallopian tubes, breasts, skeleton, protein deposition, bone density, metabolism and fat deposition, hair distribution and skin.

What are the consequences of estrogen deficiency

The major clinical consequences of the post-menopausal period may be attributed to the estrogen deficiency. The 'menopausal syndrome' refers to a group of physical and psychological symptoms commonly experienced in the climacteric period due to estrogen deficiency. But as these symptoms often predate menopause, they are also a result of relative estrogen deficiency as well as to fluctuating levels of ovarian hormones.

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