What is Intrauterine
Growth Retardation
Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)
is a condition where the growth of the foetus is abnormal, a result of
reduced blood flow through the placenta (which is the source of the baby's
nutrition). IUGR is often accompanied by decreased amniotic fluid around
the baby.
What are the causes
of IUGR
It could be caused by poor nutrition,
or excessive smoking, drinking or illicit drugs use. It could also
be caused by medical problems in the mother, like high blood pressure or
an obstetric complication. It is rarely caused by a chromosomal disorder
(birth defect). IUGR is known to occur in 3%-5% of pregnancies.
How is it detected
IUGR is suspected when the size of
the baby is smaller than what it is supposed to be based on the gestation
age. It could first be detected during a routine external examination
of the abdomen, but it should then be confirmed with a sonogram, because
a sonogram is the best procedure for determining the size of the foetus.
How does IUGR affect
the pregnancy and the baby
If intrauterine growth retardation
is confirmed, and tests indicate that the risk to the baby from continuing
the pregnancy is higher than that of premature birth, then doctors may
recommend delivering the baby before the due date. Note that if this
condition was caused due to poor nutrition, it can be treated with proper
nutrition and rest.
